Yes. You can apply for ESTA using an emergency or temporary passport if it meets the requirements of the Visa Waiver Program (VWP).
The emergency or temporary passport must be an electronic passport (e-passport) with an embedded electronic chip. If it is not an e-passport, it cannot be used for travel to the United States under the VWP.
Do I Need a New ESTA With a New Emergency Passport?
If your passport is lost or stolen and you receive a new emergency or temporary passport, your existing ESTA does not automatically transfer to the new passport, even if your personal information remains the same.
ESTA is linked to the specific passport used for the application. Therefore, you must submit a new ESTA application using the details of your newly issued passport.
If this happens shortly before your trip, check that your new passport is an e-passport and apply for a new ESTA as soon as possible. You must receive ESTA approval before travelling to the United States.